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POWER ENGINEERING: economics, technique, ecology
ISSN 1813-5420 · e‑ISSN 2308-7382 Open Access · CC BY 4.0
Vol. · Issue 3 · 2026 Oct 12, 2026 ENERGY SYSTEMS AND COMPLEXES

MODEL OF "CHARGING AVALANCHE" IN A BUILDING UNDER HOURLY OUTAGE SCHEDULES

HS
Hlib Strunkin Corresponding LLC “Pluton IC”, Ukraine
Pages48-53 PublishedOct 12, 2026 LicenseOpen Access
PDF (Ukrainian)
VOL · ISS 3 · 2026 85 View issue

Abstract

The severe generation deficit within the Integrated Power System of Ukraine, which forces distribution system operators to widely implement rolling power outages and strict consumption restrictions, along with the subsequent uncoordinated mass integration of residential energy storage units by household consumers, causes a specific dangerous operational phenomenon known as a charging avalanche during the exact moment of power supply restoration in distribution feeders. The aim of the study is to develop, based on real-world experimental data, an advanced dynamic simulation model of a multi-family residential building to thoroughly analyze load transient processes and power quality variations during electricity grid restoration. The methodology of implementation is based on the comprehensive mean-value modeling of integrated active power consumption profiles within the specialized PSIM software suite, where individual electrical infrastructure components and consumer appliance groups are successfully presented as mathematical transfer functions and dynamic automatic control links. The results of the study confirmed the exceptional accuracy of the developed mathematical apparatus, showing a relative error in determining the cumulative peaks of the charging avalanche of less than 2%. Field measurements successfully recorded a prominent load trajectory characterized by a sharp initial technical current surge and a subsequent delayed cumulative socio-behavioral peak caused by the synchronized manual activity of residents being directly superimposed on the maximum constant-current charging profile of household inverters. The conclusions prove that classical cold load pickup models significantly underestimate the total integral of the Joule thermal impulse because they fail to capture the prolonged rectangular nature of the battery charging current stabilization phase. The practical value of this research lies in obtaining a robust and highly scalable simulation model suitable for further engineering assessments of protective equipment survivability in main switchboards and accurate forecasting of emergency operational modes in low-voltage distribution networks

Keywords

#low-voltage distribution grids #load transient states #residential electricity sector #protective relaying #peak load

References

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License

CCBY 4.0
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

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Copyright (c) 2026 Гліб Стрункін

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