Експериментальне дослідження частотних характеристик MEMS-мікрофонів для моніторингу залізничного шуму

Віталій Р. Прус; Олексій Вікторович Богданов

doi:10.20535/2523-4455.mea.359669

Vol. 31 · Issue 2 · 2026 Jun 4, 2026 Acoustical devices and systems

Experimental Study of the Frequency Characteristics of MEMS Microphones for Railway Noise Monitoring

Vitalii R. Prus Corresponding National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” Ukraine

PhD, Assoc. Prof. Oleksii Viktorovych Bogdanov National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” Ukraine

Pages359669.1-359669.6 PublishedJun 4, 2026 LicenseOpen Access

PDF (Ukrainian)

VOL 31 · ISS 2 · 2026 View issue

Abstract

Abstract–The paper presents the results of an experimental study of the acoustic characteristics of modular MEMS microphones INMP441 and SPH0645, aimed at their application for railway noise monitoring. The experimental methodology and the technical features of the measurement setup in an anechoic chamber are described. The signal processing approach is based on a relative comparison of the signals from the tested microphones with those of a reference microphone and on estimating the power spectral density using the Welch method in MATLAB, which is then used to construct amplitude-frequency responses. The main results of the study include the obtained amplitude-frequency characteristics of the investigated microphones in the 20–20000 Hz frequency range.

Keywords

#acoustic monitoring #MEMS microphone #amplitude-frequency response #directivity pattern #railway noise

References

Topal E. A Review of MEMS Microphones. 2020. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/393448310_A_Review_of_MEMS_Microphones
MEMS Microphones Market – Industry Analysis, Size & Forecast URL: https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/mems-microphones-market
C. Peckens, C. Porter, and T. Rink, “Wireless Sensor Networks for Long-Term Monitoring of Urban Noise”, Sensors, vol. 18, no. 9, p. 3161, Sep. 2018. doi: 10.3390/s18093161
M. Anachkova, S. Domazetovska, Z. Petreski, and V. Gavriloski, “Design of low-cost wireless noise monitoring sensor unit based on IoT concept”, Journal of Vibroengineering, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 1056–1064, Jan. 2021. doi: 10.21595/jve.2021.21709
M. O. Jakobsen, “Low cost MEMS accelerometer and microphone based condition monitoring sensor, with LoRa and Bluetooth Low Energy radio”, HardwareX, vol. 18, p. e00525, Jun. 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00525
S. A. Luniova, "Electroacoustics: a textbook for bachelor's degree applicants in the educational program "Acoustic electronic systems and technologies for processing acoustic information" specialty 171 "Electronics" [Elektroakustyka : navch. posib. dlya zdobuvachiv stupenya bakalavra za osvitnʹoyu prohramoyu «Akustychni elektronni systemy ta tekhnolohiyi obrobky akustychnoyi informatsiyi» spetsialʹnosti 171 «Elektronika»]" Kyiv: Ukraine: Igor Sikorsky KPI, 2020, p. 161.
Svantek. Background noise. SVANTEK Academy. URL: https://svantek.com/academy/background-noise/
MEMS Microphone Breakout – SPH0645LM4H. Adafruit. URL: https://www.adafruit.com/product/3421
Omnidirectional microphone module INMP441 URL: https://beegreen.com.ua/vsespryamovanij-mikrofonnij modul-inmp441-i2c-z-nizким-energospozhivannyam-esp32-17822
“pwelch — Welch’s power spectral density estimate”, in MATLAB Signal Processing Toolbox Documentation, The MathWorks, Inc.. URL: https://www.mathworks.com/help/signal/ref/pwelch.html
M. H. Same, G. Gandubert, G. Gleeton, P. Ivanov, and R. Landry, “Simplified Welch Algorithm for Spectrum Monitoring”, Applied Sciences, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 86, Dec. 2020. doi: 10.3390/app11010086
V. Välimäki and J. Reiss, “All About Audio Equalization: Solutions and Frontiers”, Applied Sciences, vol. 6, no. 5, p. 129, May 2016. doi: 10.3390/app6050129